Springboot AI 创建MCP Server

使用springboot AI实现一个伪查询天气的MCP Server，协议是Stdio。

系统：win11

JDK：17

代码结构：

McpServerDemoApplication.java：

package com.david.mcpserverdemo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class McpServerDemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(McpServerDemoApplication.class, args); } }

McpServerConfig.java：

package com.david.mcpserverdemo; import org.springframework.ai.tool.ToolCallbackProvider; import org.springframework.ai.tool.method.MethodToolCallbackProvider; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * MCP Server 配置类 */ @Configuration public class McpServerConfig { /** * 注册 WeatherService 中的工具方法 */ @Bean public ToolCallbackProvider weatherToolProvider(WeatherService weatherService) { return MethodToolCallbackProvider.builder() .toolObjects(weatherService) .build(); } }

WeatherService.java：

package com.david.mcpserverdemo; import org.springframework.ai.tool.annotation.Tool; import org.springframework.ai.tool.annotation.ToolParam; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.Map; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; /** * 天气服务类，提供模拟的城市天气查询功能 */ @Service public class WeatherService { private static final Map<String, WeatherInfo> WEATHER_CACHE = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); static { // 初始化一些城市的模拟天气数据 WEATHER_CACHE.put("beijing", new WeatherInfo("北京", "晴", 25, 45, "西北风 2 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("shanghai", new WeatherInfo("上海", "多云", 22, 68, "东南风 3 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("guangzhou", new WeatherInfo("广州", "小雨", 28, 85, "南风 1 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("shenzhen", new WeatherInfo("深圳", "雷阵雨", 30, 90, "西南风 2 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("chengdu", new WeatherInfo("成都", "阴", 20, 55, "北风 1 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("hangzhou", new WeatherInfo("杭州", "晴", 24, 60, "东风 2 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("wuhan", new WeatherInfo("武汉", "多云", 26, 50, "南风 2 级")); WEATHER_CACHE.put("xian", new WeatherInfo("西安", "晴", 23, 40, "西北风 3 级")); } /** * 查询城市天气 * @param city 城市名称（小写） * @return 天气信息 */ @Tool(description = "查询指定城市的天气情况，返回城市名称、天气状况、温度、湿度和风力信息") public String getWeather(@ToolParam(description = "城市名称，必须是小写英文，例如：beijing, shanghai") String city) { if (city == null || city.trim().isEmpty()) { return "错误：城市名称不能为空"; } String cityKey = city.toLowerCase().trim(); WeatherInfo weather = WEATHER_CACHE.get(cityKey); if (weather == null) { // 如果缓存中没有，生成一个模拟的随机天气 // weather = generateRandomWeather(city); return "错误：未找到该城市的天气信息"; } return String.format( "城市：%s\n天气：%s\n温度：%d°C\n湿度：%d%%\n风力：%s", weather.getCityName(), weather.getCondition(), weather.getTemperature(), weather.getHumidity(), weather.getWind() ); } /** * 为未知城市生成模拟天气数据 */ private WeatherInfo generateRandomWeather(String city) { String[] conditions = {"晴", "多云", "阴", "小雨", "中雨", "大雨", "雷阵雨", "小雪", "大雪"}; String[] windDirections = {"东", "南", "西", "北", "东南", "东北", "西南", "西北"}; int temp = 15 + (int)(Math.random() * 20); // 15-35 度 int humidity = 30 + (int)(Math.random() * 60); // 30-90% String condition = conditions[(int)(Math.random() * conditions.length)]; String wind = windDirections[(int)(Math.random() * windDirections.length)] + "风 " + (1 + (int)(Math.random() * 5)) + "级"; WeatherInfo weather = new WeatherInfo( city.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + city.substring(1), condition, temp, humidity, wind ); // 缓存生成的天气数据 WEATHER_CACHE.put(city.toLowerCase(), weather); return weather; } /** * 天气信息内部类 */ private static class WeatherInfo { private final String cityName; private final String condition; private final int temperature; private final int humidity; private final String wind; public WeatherInfo(String cityName, String condition, int temperature, int humidity, String wind) { this.cityName = cityName; this.condition = condition; this.temperature = temperature; this.humidity = humidity; this.wind = wind; } public String getCityName() { return cityName; } public String getCondition() { return condition; } public int getTemperature() { return temperature; } public int getHumidity() { return humidity; } public String getWind() { return wind; } } }

application.properties：

spring.application.name=mcp-server-demo # MCP Server 配置 spring.ai.mcp.server.name=weather-mcp-server spring.ai.mcp.server.type=SYNC

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>4.0.5</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.david</groupId> <artifactId>mcp-server-demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>mcp-server-demo</name> <description>mcp-server-demo</description> <url/> <licenses> <license/> </licenses> <developers> <developer/> </developers> <scm> <connection/> <developerConnection/> <tag/> <url/> </scm> <properties> <java.version>17</java.version> <spring-ai.version>1.0.0</spring-ai.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring AI MCP Server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId> <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-server</artifactId> <version>${spring-ai.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webmvc-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

1、编译打包出jar包

2、使用CherryStudio测试MCP服务

2.1、安装CherryStudio（https://www.cherry-ai.com/）

2.2、配置大模型（本地Ollama或者DeepseekApiKey都可以）

2.3、配置MCP服务

左下角设置-MCP服务-MCP服务-新增一个

命令：java

参数：参数有2个，需要换行，如下代码块

-jar D:\\IdeaProjects\\mcp-server-demo\\target\\mcp-server-demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar

点击保存后开启开关，如果失败了开关是无法开启的

2.4、聊天选择使用MCP服务

点下面的“小锤子”，不同版本之间图标可能会不同，鼠标悬浮可以看到说明，然后选择手动。

这里一定要看到后面打勾了才算是生效了。

2.5、聊天促发MCP调用

tip：还有另一种测试方式，使用 MCP Inspector 需要有node.js环境

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector

cmd运行，会自动打开一个网页（http://localhost:6274/）

左边的参数都和CherryStudio一样