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网络编程问题：TCP/UDP 连接异常解决方案

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网络编程问题：TCP/UDP 连接异常解决方案

TCP/UDP 连接异常解决方案代码示例

以下是一个基于 Python 的 TCP/UDP 连接异常处理代码示例，涵盖常见的连接异常场景（如超时、连接拒绝、端口占用等），并提供重试机制和日志记录功能。

TCP 连接异常处理
import socket import time import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) def tcp_connect_with_retry(host, port, max_retries=3, timeout=5): retry_count = 0 while retry_count < max_retries: try: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.settimeout(timeout) sock.connect((host, port)) logger.info(f"TCP connection established to {host}:{port}") return sock except socket.timeout: logger.warning(f"TCP connection timeout (attempt {retry_count + 1})") except ConnectionRefusedError: logger.error(f"Connection refused by {host}:{port}") except socket.error as e: logger.error(f"Socket error: {str(e)}") finally: retry_count += 1 time.sleep(1) raise ConnectionError(f"Failed to establish TCP connection after {max_retries} retries")

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UDP 连接异常处理
def udp_send_with_retry(host, port, data, max_retries=3, timeout=5): retry_count = 0 while retry_count < max_retries: try: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) sock.settimeout(timeout) sock.sendto(data.encode(), (host, port)) logger.info(f"UDP data sent to {host}:{port}") return sock except socket.timeout: logger.warning(f"UDP send timeout (attempt {retry_count + 1})") except socket.error as e: logger.error(f"UDP socket error: {str(e)}") finally: retry_count += 1 time.sleep(1) raise ConnectionError(f"Failed to send UDP data after {max_retries} retries")

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端口占用检测
def is_port_in_use(port, protocol='tcp'): try: if protocol.lower() == 'tcp': sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) else: sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) sock.bind(('0.0.0.0', port)) sock.close() return False except socket.error: return True
使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__": # TCP 示例 try: tcp_sock = tcp_connect_with_retry("example.com", 80) tcp_sock.sendall(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") response = tcp_sock.recv(4096) print(response.decode()) except Exception as e: print(f"TCP error: {str(e)}") # UDP 示例 try: udp_sock = udp_send_with_retry("example.com", 53, "test data") data, addr = udp_sock.recvfrom(1024) print(f"Received UDP data from {addr}: {data.decode()}") except Exception as e: print(f"UDP error: {str(e)}") # 端口检测 print(f"Port 80 in use (TCP): {is_port_in_use(80)}") print(f"Port 53 in use (UDP): {is_port_in_use(53, 'udp')}")
关键功能说明
  • 自动重试机制：通过max_retries参数控制最大重试次数
  • 超时处理：通过timeout参数设置连接/发送超时时间
  • 错误分类处理：区分超时、连接拒绝和其他socket错误
  • 日志记录：使用标准logging模块记录连接状态
  • 端口检测：支持检测TCP/UDP端口占用情况

该代码可通过调整参数适应不同网络环境，建议根据实际需求修改重试策略和超时时间。

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