MongoDB操作手册
Mongo安装
[root@node01 nosql]# mkdir -p /data/mongodb && cd /data/mongodb[root@node01 nosql]# cd /data/download[root@node01 nosql]# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-6.0.16.tgz[root@node01 nosql]# mv /data/download/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-6.0.16 /data/mongodb/mongodb60(1)创建所需用户和组useraddmongodb(2)创建mongodb所需目录结构cd/data/mongodb/mongodb60mkdir-p{auth,conf,shard1_27017/{data,log}}(3)修改权限chown-R mongodb:mongodb /data/mongodb(4)切换用户并设置环境变量#给root用户添加环境变量cat>>/etc/profile<<EOF export MONGODB_HOME=/data/mongodb/mongodb60 export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATHEOF#使其生效source/etc/profile#给mongodb用户添加环境变量su- mongodbcat>>~/.bash_profile<<EOF export MONGODB_HOME=/data/mongodb/mongodb60 export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATHEOF#使其生效source~/.bash_profile##生成配置文件cat>/data/mongodb/mongodb60/conf/mongodb.conf<<EOF #系统日志有关 systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/mongodb60/shard1_27017/log/shard1.log #数据存储有关 storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/mongodb60/shard1_27017/data journal: enabled: true wiredTiger: engineConfig: directoryForIndexes: true configString : cache_size=1G processManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb60/shard1_27017/log/shard1.pid # location of pidfile timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port: 27017 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 maxIncomingConnections: 1000 unixDomainSocket: enabled: true pathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb60/shard1_27017/data filePermissions: 0700 #security: # keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb60/auth/keyfile.key # authorization: enabled EOF创建用户
useapp db.createUser({user:"app01",pwd:"app01",roles:[{ role:"readWrite",db:"app"}]})##app02useapp db.createUser({user:"app02",pwd:"app02",roles:[{ role:"readWrite",db:"app"}],authenticationRestrictions:[{clientSource:["192.168.1.105","192.168.1.106"]}]})###修改用户的客户端ip限制useapp db.updateUser("app02",{ authenticationRestrictions:[{clientSource:["192.168.1.105","100.0.0.0/8","192.168.1.0/24"]}]})##修改密码useapp db.changeUserPassword("app01","app01_000000")增删改查
#查询db.movies.insertMany([{title:"apple",year:1975,category:"love"},{title:"Batman",year:1989,category:"action"},{title:"Bcc",year:2022,category:"action"},{title:"ddd",year:2020,category:"action"},])副本集
# cat > /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/conf/mongo_27018.conf <<EOFsystemLog: destination:filelogAppend:truepath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/log/mongo_27018.log storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/data journal: enabled:truewiredTiger: engineConfig: directoryForIndexes:truecacheSizeGB:1processManagement: fork:true# fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/mongo_27018.pid timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port:27018bindIp:0.0.0.0#bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections:5000unixDomainSocket: enabled:truepathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/data filePermissions: 0700 security: keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb_repl/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabled replication: replSetName: repl EOF### 登录mongo --host repl/192.168.1.153:27018,192.168.1.154:27018,192.168.1.155:27018 -uroot -proot123456 --authenticationDatabase adminsharding 安装
#4、配置文件 =============== //根据需求修改相应参数： ##（1）configserver配置** cat > /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/conf/config_27100.conf <<EOF systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/config_27100/log/config_27100.log storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/config_27100/data journal: enabled: true wiredTiger: engineConfig: directoryForIndexes: true cacheSizeGB: 1 processManagement: fork: true pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/config_27100/data/config_27100.pid timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port: 27100 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 #bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 2000 unixDomainSocket: enabled: true pathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/config_27100/data filePermissions: 0700 security: keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabled replication: replSetName: repl_config sharding: clusterRole: configsvr EOF ##（2）shard1配置** cat > /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/conf/shard1_27101.conf <<EOF systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard1_27101/log/shard1_27101.log storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard1_27101/data journal: enabled: true wiredTiger: engineConfig: directoryForIndexes: true cacheSizeGB: 1 processManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard1_27101/data/shard1_27101.pid timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port: 27101 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 #bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 5000 unixDomainSocket: enabled: true pathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard1_27101/data filePermissions: 0700 security: keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabled replication: replSetName: shard1 sharding: clusterRole: shardsvr EOF ##（3）shard2配置** cat > /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/conf/shard2_27102.conf <<EOF systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard2_27102/log/shard2_27102.log storage: dbPath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard2_27102/data journal: enabled: true wiredTiger: engineConfig: directoryForIndexes: true cacheSizeGB: 1 processManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard2_27102/data/shard2_27102.pid timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port: 27102 bindIp: 0.0.0.0 #bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 5000 unixDomainSocket: enabled: true pathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/shard2_27102/data filePermissions: 0700 security: keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/auth/keyfile.key authorization: enabled replication: replSetName: shard2 sharding: clusterRole: shardsvr EOF ##(4)mongos配置** cat > /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/conf/mongos_27000.conf <<EOF systemLog: destination: file logAppend: true path: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/mongos_27000/log/mongos_27000.log processManagement: fork: true # fork and run in background pidFilePath: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/mongos_27000/data/mongos_27000.pid timeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo net: port: 27000 bindIpAll: true maxIncomingConnections: 2000 unixDomainSocket: enabled: true pathPrefix: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/mongos_27000/data filePermissions: 0700 security: keyFile: /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/auth/keyfile.key sharding: configDB: repl_config/192.168.1.153:27100,192.168.1.154:27100,192.168.1.155:27100 EOF ================ #5、修改权限 useradd mongodb chown -R mongodb:mongodb /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard #6、初始化config server 服务 ##（1）启动config server** $ sudo su - mongodb -c '/data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/bin/mongod -f /data/mongodb/mongodb_shard/conf/config_27100.conf' ##（2）初始化** mongo --port=27100 > use admin /*配置config*/ > config = { _id:"repl_config",members:[ {_id:0,host:"192.168.1.153:27100"}, {_id:1,host:"192.168.1.154:27100"}, {_id:2,host:"192.168.1.155:27100"}] } /*初始化*/ > rs.initiate(config) 结果输出如下，说明集群初始化成功，可以通过rs.status()命令查看集群状态(88为primary，89/90为secondary) { "ok" : 1, "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1557909332, 1), "electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000") }, "lastCommittedOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0) }备份恢复
/* mongo -uroot -p000000 admin app 库，log表 */#1、全库备份mkdir-p/data/backup/mongodb $/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongodump-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase admin -o /data/backup/mongodb#2、备份app库$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongodump-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase admin -d app -o /data/backup/mongodb/150-app#3、备份app库下的log集合$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongodump-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase admin -d app -c log -o /data/backup/mongodb/150-app-log#4、压缩备份$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongodump-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase admin -d app -o /data/backup/mongodb/gzip --gzip[root@dev1app]# pwd/data/backup/mongodb/gzip/app[root@dev1app]# lsa.bson.gz a.metadata.json.gz c.bson.gz c.metadata.json.gz fruit.bson.gz fruit.metadata.json.gz log.bson.gz log.metadata.json.gz#5、全备中恢复单库$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongorestore-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase=admin -d app1 /data/backup/mongodb/app#6、全备中恢复单表$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongorestore-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase=admin -d app -c log1 /data/backup/mongodb/app/log.bson-- 恢复压缩的数据$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongorestore-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase=admin -d app -c log2 /data/backup/mongodb/gzip/app/log.bson.gz --gzip#7、drop表示恢复的时候把之前的集合drop掉(危险)$/data/download/mongodb-database-tools/bin/mongorestore-uroot-h192.168.1.153-p000000--port 27017 --authenticationDatabase=admin -d app --drop /data/backup/mongodb/app事务
repl:PRIMARY> db.tx.insertMany([{ x: 1 }, { x: 2 }]); repl:PRIMARY> db.tx.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0d"), "x" : 1 } { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0e"), "x" : 2 } repl:PRIMARY> var session = db.getMongo().startSession(); repl:PRIMARY> session.startTransaction(); repl:PRIMARY> var coll = session.getDatabase('test').getCollection("tx"); repl:PRIMARY> coll.updateOne({x: 1}, {$set: {y: 1}}); //事务内操作将x=1改为y=1 repl:PRIMARY> coll.find() //事务内查询 { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0d"), "x" : 1, "y" : 1 } { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0e"), "x" : 2 } repl:PRIMARY> db.tx.find() //事务外查询 { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0d"), "x" : 1 } { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc84764d7be2f932c3a0e"), "x" : 2 } repl:PRIMARY> session.commitTransaction(); //提交事务（或者 s.abortTransaction()回滚事务） repl:PRIMARY> db.tx.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc9e964d7be2f932c3a0f"), "x" : 1, "y" : 1 } { "_id" : ObjectId("635bc9e964d7be2f932c3a10"), "x" : 2 }
